General Information

  • ID:  hor002205
  • Uniprot ID:  P16501
  • Protein name:  Insulin-like growth factor I-A
  • Gene name:  igf1-a
  • Organism:  Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog)
  • Family:  Insulin family
  • Source:  animal
  • Expression:  Expressed both maternally and zygotically after the midblastula transition. Present both dorsally and ventrally at the beginning of neurulation. Expression is restricted to the developing heart at the tailbud stage. |Expressed in adult liver, lung, heart,
  • Disease:  NA
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:  Xenopus (subgenus), Xenopus (genus), Xenopodinae (subfamily), Pipidae (family), Pipoidea (superfamily), Anura (order), Batrachia (superorder), Amphibia (class), Tetrapoda, Dipnotetrapodomorpha, Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi, Teleostomi, Gnathostomata, Vertebrata, Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005179 hormone activity; GO:0008083 growth factor activity
  • GO BP:  GO:0007165 signal transduction; GO:0010648 negative regulation of cell communication; GO:0023057 negative regulation of signaling; GO:0030178 negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway; GO:0043066 negative regulation of apoptotic process; GO:0048856 anatomical structure development; GO:0050896 response to stimulus; GO:0060323 head morphogenesis; GO:0090201 negative regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005615 extracellular space

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  GPETLCGAELVDTLQFVCGDRGFYFSKPTGYGSNNRRSHHRGIVDECCFQSCDFRRLEMYCAPAKQAKSA
  • Length:  70
  • Propeptide:  METNNNLSTQLFKCYFCDILKLKMHKMSCIHLLYLVLCFLTLTHSAAAGPETLCGAELVDTLQFVCGDRGFYFSKPTGYGSNNRRSHHRGIVDECCFQSCDFRRLEMYCAPAKQAKSARSVRTQRHTDMPKAQKEVHPKNTSRGNTGSRGFRM
  • Signal peptide:  NA
  • Modification:  NA
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  The insulin-like growth factors, isolated from plasma, are structurally and functionally related to insulin but have a much higher growth-promoting activity. Promotes head development by inhibiting Wnt signaling during embryogenesis.Binds to integrins. Its binding to integrins and subsequent ternary complex formation with integrins and IGFR1 are essential for IGF1 signaling
  • Mechanism:  Binds to the alpha subunit of IGF1R, leading to the activation of the intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity which autophosphorylates tyrosine residues in the beta subunit thus initiatiating a cascade of down-stream signaling events leading to activation of the PI3K-AKT/PKB and the Ras-MAPK pathways.
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  NA
  • Target Unid:  NA
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  6-48; 18-61; 47-52
  • Structure ID:  AF-P16501-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor002205_AF2.pdbhor002205_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 905773 Formula: C336H514N100O103S7
Absent amino acids: W Common amino acids: GCR
pI: 7.78 Basic residues: 11
Polar residues: 26 Hydrophobic residues: 18
Hydrophobicity: -51.43 Boman Index: -15536
Half-Life: 30 hour Half-Life Yeast: >20 hour
Half-Life E.Coli: >10 hour Aliphatic Index 47.43
Instability Index: 5607.57 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 4845
Absorbance 280nm: 70.22

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  2330002
  • Title:  Evolution of Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (IGF-I): Structure and Expression of an IGF-I Precursor From Xenopus Laevis.
  • PubMed ID:  11709186
  • Title:   Neural and Head Induction by Insulin-Like Growth Factor Signals.
  • PubMed ID:  11944947
  • Title:   The IGF Pathway Regulates Head Formation by Inhibiting Wnt Signaling in Xenopus